.:: àǻ䫷ìà¾×è͹ºéÒ¹ ::. |
|
 |
MuZic
Dictionary |
˹ѧÊ×ͤÓÈѾ·ì´¹µÃÕ·Ò§ÍÔ¹àµÍÃì๷¤é¹ËÒ-ÈÖ¡ÉÒ¤ÓÈѾ·ì·Ò§´éÒ¹´¹µÃÕä´é·Õè¹Õè
[A]
[B] [C]
[D] [E]
[F] [G]
[H] [I]
[J-K-L] [M]
[N] [O]
[P] [Q]
[R] [S]
[T] [U-V]
[W-X-Y-Z]
D ª×èÍÃдѺàÊÕ§
; Abbreviation for Deutsch in the cataloguing of works by Schubert.
Da, dal, dallo, dalla (It.
´Ò, ´ÑÅ, ´ÑÅâÅ, ´ÑÅÅÒ) ¨Ò¡ ·Õè â´Â ä»Âѧ ÊÓËÃѺ àËÁ×͹
Da capo (It. ´Ò ¤Òâ»)
¨Ò¡¨Ø´àÃÔèÁµé¹ ¤ÓÂèͤ×Í D.C.
D.C. al Fine ËÁÒ¶֧ ãËé¡ÅѺä»ãËÁè·Õè¨Ø´àÃÔèÁµé¹ áÅÐàÅ蹨¹¶Ö§¤ÓÇèÒ
Fine
D.C. al Segno ËÁÒ¶֧ âËé¡ÅѺäËÁè·Õè¨Ø´àÃÔèÁµé¹ áÅÐàÅ蹨¹¶Ö§à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒÂ
Segno
Da capo al fine Repeat
up to the word Fine (the end).
Da capo al segno Repeat
to the sign.
Dal segno (It. ´ÒŠ૤â¹)
Âé͹¡ÅѺ¨Ò¡à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ segno ¤ÓÂèͤ×Í D.S.
D.S. al Fine ËÁÒ¶֧ ãËé¡ÅѺä»ãËÁè·Õèà¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ D.S. áÅéÇàÅ蹨¹¶Ö§¤ÓÇèÒ
Fine.
dampfer à¤Ã×èͧŴ¤ÇÒÁ´Ñ§¢Í§àÊÕ§
damping pedal Piano
soft (left) pedal.
dans (Fr. ´çͧ) ã¹
ÀÒÂã¹
debut (Fr. à´ºÙ) ¡ÒûÃÒ¡¯µÑǤÃÑé§ááµèÍÊÒ¸Òóª¹
¡ÒúÃÃàŧ¤ÃÑé§áá
decibel (à´«ÔàºÅ) ˹èÇÂÇÑ´¤ÇÒÁ´Ñ§¢Í§àÊÕ§
¤ÓÂèͤ×Í db.
decide (Fr. à´«Õà´) á¹è¹Í¹
µÑ´ÊÔ¹â¨áÅéÇ
deciso (It. à´«Õâ«) ¡ÅéÒËÒ
ÁÑè¹â¨àµçÁ·Õ µÑ´ÊÔ¹ã¨à´ç´¢Ò´ àµçÁä»´éǾÅѧ
decrescendo (It. à´à¤Ãહâ´)
àºÒŧ·ÕÅйéÍÂæ ¤ÓÂèͤ×Í decresc.
degree ÃдѺ¢Ñ鹢ͧâ¹éµã¹Êà¡Å
àªè¹â¹éµ D à»ç¹ÃдѺ¢Ñé¹·ÕèÊͧ¢Í§ºÑ¹ä´àÊÕ§ C àÁà¨ÍÃì
dehors (Fr. à´·ìÍÍÃì) ´éÇ¡ÒÃÂéÓÍÂèҧ˹ѡá¹è¹
·ÓâËéà´è¹ÍÍ¡ÁÒ
del, dell', della, delle,
dello (It. à´Å, à´Å, à´ÅÅÒ, á´Å, à´ÅâÅ) ¢Í§ ¡ÇèÒ
delicato (It. à´ÅÔ¤Òâµ) ´éÇ·èÒ·Ò§ÍѹàÃÕºÃéÍÂáÅÐÅÐàÍÕ´Íè͹
demi (Fr. à´ÁÔ) ¤ÃÖè§
demisemiquaver (à´ÁÔà«ÁÔà¤ÇàÇÍÃì)
â¹çµµÑÇࢺçµÊÒÁªÑé¹ (´Ù·Õè¤Ó thirty second note.)
desto (It. à´Êâµ) Ê´ª×è¹
ÁÕªÕÇÔµªÕÇÒ
detache (Fr. à´µÒà«)
«×è§á¡ÍÍ¡¨Ò¡¡Ñ¹
detimbree äÁèãªéÊá¹Ãì
deutlich (Gr. ´Í·ÃÔª¤ì)
ãÊ à´è¹
development (´ÔàÇÅÅÍ»àÁé¹µì)
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó sonata form 2.)
di (It. ´Ô) ä»Âѧ
â´Â ¢Í§ ÊÓËÃѺ ¡Ñº
di molto (It. ´Ô ÁÍÅâµ)
ÍÂèÒ§ÁÒ¡
diatonic (ä´ÍÒâ·¹Ô¡)
1. ËÁÒ¶֧ àÊÕ§·Õèà¡Ô´¢Öé¹â¹ºÑ¹ä´àÊÕ§àÁà¨ÍÃìËÃ×ÍäÁà¹ÍÃì
2. ¡ÒÃà¤Å×͹ä»ã¹ÅѡɳФÃ×è§àÊÕ§Ẻä´ÍÒâ·¹Ô¡ ËÁÒ¶֧ ¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹·Õè
ä»Âѧâ¹éµã¡Åéà¤Õ§¡Ñ¹â´ÂÁÕª×èÍâ¹éµµèÒ§¡Ñ¹¢³Ð·Õè¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹ä»â¹ÅѡɳФÃ×è§àÊÕ§Ẻâ¤ÃÁÒµÔ¡
¨Ðà»ç¹¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹·Õèä»·Õèâ¹éµª×èÍà´ÕÂǡѹ à¾Õ§áµèÁÕ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹á»Å§´éÇÂà¤Ã×èͧËÁÒÂá»Å§àÊÕ§
diminished (´ÔÁÔ¹Ôª·ì)
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó interval)
diminished triad A
triad in which the perfect fifth is Orangeuced chromatically by
a semitone (e.g. A C and E flat.
diminuendo (It. ´ÔÁÔ¹Ùà͹â´)
àºÒŧàÃ×èÍÂæ ¤ÓÂèͤ×Í dim, dimin.
diminution ¡ÒÃÂèÍ
¡ÒÃáÊ´§âÁ·Õ¿â´ÂµÑÇâ¹éµ ·ÕèÁÕÍѵÃҨѧËÇÐÊÑ鹡ÇèÒµÑÇâ¹éµà´ÔÁã¹âÁ·Õ¿¹Ñé¹
æ
discord See concord.
dissonance (´ÔÊâ«á¹¹«ì)
àÊÕ§¡ÃдéÒ§ ¢Ñ鹤ÙèàÊÕ§ËÃ×ͤÍÃì´·Õè¿Ñ§áÅéÇäÁèÃÙÊÖ¡¼è͹¤ÅÒÂáÅШÓà»ç¹¨ÐµÑͧ
à¤Å×è͹à¢éÒËÒ¢Ñ鹤ÙèàÊÕ§ËÃ×ͤÍÃì´·ÕèÁÕàÊÕ§ʺÒ¡ÇèÒËÃ×ÍàÊÕ§·Õè¡ÅÁ¡ÅèÍÁ¡ÇèÒ
¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹·Õè¨Ò¡àÊÕ§¡ÃдéÒ§ä»ËÒàÊÕ§¡ÅÁ¡ÅèÍÁ¹ÕéàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ nÒÃànÅÒ
¢Ñ鹤ÙèàÊÕ§¡ÃдéÒ§ä´éá¡è¤ÙèÊͧ ¤Ùèà¨ç´ áÅÐÊÓËÃѺ¤ÍÃì´ ¤×Í ÍçÍ¡àÁ¹àµç´
áÅдÔÁÔ¹Ôª·ì·Ø¡¤ÍÃì´ (´Ù·Õè¤Ó consonance.)
distinto ªÑ´à¨¹
divertimento (It. ´ÔàÇÍÃìµÔàÁ¹âµ)
¤ÕµÅѡɳì¤ÅéÒÂẺ¢Í§ÊÇÕ·áÅЫÔÁ⿹ջ¡µÔ»ÃСͺ´éÇÂà¾Å§àµé¹ÃÓáÅзè͹à¾Å§ÊÑ鹿
ºÃÃàŧâ´Âǧ´¹µÃÕ¢¹Ò´àÅç¡
divertissement (Fr., 'amusement')
(I) Entertainment in ballet form, sometimes with songs,
found in operas or plays for contrast (e.g. the operas of Lully.
(2) Same as divertimento. (3) Instrumental piece or fantasia employing
popular tunes.
divisi (It. ´ÔÇÔ«Ô) áºè§á¡ÍÍ¡¨Ò¡¡Ñ¹
ãªé㹺·à¾Å§ÊÓËÃѺºÃÃàŧ´éÇÂà¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ à¾×èͺ觪ÕéÇèÒâËé¹Ñ¡´¹µÃÕ«×è§ÁÕÍÂÙèÁÒ¡ÁÒ¹Ñé¹á¡¡Ñ¹àÅè¹â¹éµã¹¤ÍÃì´¹Ñ鹿
¤ÓÂèͤ×Í div. (ºÒ§¤ÃÑé§¡çâªé a2)
dodecaphonic music Same
as serial music.
dolce (It. ´ÍÅàª) Íè͹ËÇÒ¹
¹ØèÁ¹ÇÅ
dolcissimo Very sweetly.
dolente (lt. ´ÍÅàŹàµ) àÈÃéÒÊÃéÍÂ
˧ÍÂà˧Ò
dolore (lt. â´âÃàÃ) àÈÃéÒ
à¨çº»Ç´ àÊÕÂã¨
dominant (´ÍÁÔá¹¹·ì) ¢Ñé¹·ÕèËéҢͧºÑ¹ä´àÊÕ§àÁà¨ÍÃìáÅÐäÁà¹ÍÃì
¤ÍÃì´´ÍÁÔá¹¹·ì¡ç¤×Í·ÃÑÂáÍ´·ÕèÊÃéÒ§º¹â¹éµàÊÕ§¹Õé
dominant seventh Dominant
triad with the addition of the seventh note from its root.
doppio (It. ´Í»»ÔâÍ)
ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒà»ç¹Êͧà·èÒ
doppio movimento (It. ´Í»»ÔâÍ
âÁÇÔàÁç¹âµ) àÃçÇ¢Öé¹à»ç¹Êͧà·èÒ
doppio piu lento (It. ´Í»»ÔâÍ
»ÔÇ àÅç¹âµ) ªéÒŧà»ç¹Êͧà·èÒ
doroloso (It. ´ÍÅâÅâÃâ«)
àÈÃéÒ à«×èͧ«ÖÁ
dorian mode âÁ´â´àÃÕ¹
âÁ´·Õèãªéã¹à¾Å§âºÊ¶ìÂØ¤¡ÅÒ§ «Öè§ÍÒ¨ÊÃéÒ§â´Â¡ÒÃàÅ蹨ҡ D ä» D º¹¤ÕÂì¢ÒǢͧà»ÕÂâ¹
dot (´êÍ·) ¨Ø´
1. ¨Ø´·ÕèÍÂÙèËÅѧµÑÇâ¹éµ¹Ñé¹ÂèÍÁà¾ÔèÁ¤ÇÒÁÂÒÇàÊÕ§ÍÕ¡¤Ã×è§Ë¹×觢ͧâ¹é´µÑǹÑ鹴ѧàªè¹
¹à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ¡Ó˹´¨Ñ§ËÇÐ 4
2. ¨Ø´·ÕèÍÂÙèà˹×ÍËÃ×ÍãµéµÑÇâ¹éµâ´ ËÁÒ¶֧ âËéàÅè¹áººÊµÑ顤Òâµ
double bar (´ÑºàºÔéÅ ºÒÃì)
1. »ÃÒ¡¯ã¹Êèǹ¨º¢Í§º·à¾Å§µÍ¹Ë¹×è§ (ÂѧäÁ診à¾Å§·Ñé§ËÁ´)
2. »ÃÒ¡¯ã¹Êèǹ¨º¢Í§º·à¾Å§¹Ñé¹ËÃ×Í·è͹¢Í§º·à¾Å§¹Ñé¹â´ÂÊÁºÙóìäÁèÁÕµèÍÍÕ¡áÅéÇ
double bass (´ÑºàºÔéÅàºÊ)
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó contrabass.)
double bassoon (´ÑºàºÔéźÒʫٹ)
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó contrabassoon.)
double counterpoint Invertible
counterpoint in two parts occurring frequently in fugues.
double flat (´ÑºàºÔéÅá¿Åçµ)
à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ´ѺàºÔéÅá¿Å絨ѴÇÒ§äÇé¢éҧ˹éÒâ¹éµ à¾×èÍ·ÓãËéâ¹éµ¹Ñé¹ÁÕàÊÕ§µèÓŧ˹×è§àÊÕ§àµçÁ
double period »ÃÐâ¤ãËè¤Ùè
»ÃÐâ¤ãËèÊͧ»ÃÐ⤷Õè»ÃСͺ¡Ñ¹ÍÂèÒ§ÊÁ´ØÅ â´Âáºè§á¡¡Ñ¹´éÇÂÅÙ¡¨º¡ÅÒ§
double sharp à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒÂËÃ×ÍÊÑÅѡɳì¨Ñ´ÇÒ§äÇé˹éÒµÑÇâ¹éµ
à¾×èÍ·ÓãËéÃдѺàÊÕ§¢Í§µÑÇâ¹éµÊÙ§¢Öé¹Ë¹Öè§àÊÕ§
doubling ¡ÒëéÓâ¹éµ
¡ÒèѴãËéàÊÕ§㹤ÍÃì´àÊÕ§à´ÕÂǡѹÍÂÙèã¹á¹ÇàÊÕ§ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ˹Öè§á¹Ç
douce(ment) (Fr. ´ÙÊìÁÒ¹)
ÍÂèÒ§Íè͹ËÇÒ¹
doux ÍÂèÒ§Íè͹ËÇÒ¹
downbeat (´ÒǹìºÕ·) ËÁÒ¶֧
¨Ñ§ËÇе¡·Õè¨Ñ§ËÇÐáá¢Í§Ëéͧ»¡µÔÁÑ¡ãËéà¹é¹ 㹡ÒÃÍÓ¹ÇÂà¾Å§¹Ñ鹨ѧËÇе¡à¡Ô´¢Ö鹨ҡ¡ÒÃãªéÊÑÒ³µÇÑ´Á×Íŧ
drangend (Gr. à´Ã¹à¡¹´ì)
àÃçÇ¢Öé¹
drone (â´Ã¹) 1.ª×èÍ·èÍàÊÕ§·ÕèµÔ´¡Ñºà¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·»ÕèÊ¡ê͵
áµèÅзèͨзÓàÊÕ§ä´é˹Öè§àÊÕ§à»ç¹àÊÕ§ÂÒǵèÍà¹×èͧ¡Ñ¹ (´Ù·Õè¤Ó
bagpipe.) 2.¡ÒëéÓáÅÐÂÒǵèÍà¹×èͧ¡Ñ¹¢Í§àÊÕ§àºÊ àËÁ×͹àÊÕ§â´Ã¹
(ËÃ×ÍàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ"àÊÕ§àʾ"¤×ÍàÊÕ§ËÅÑ¡·ÕèÅÒ¡ÂÒÇÍÂèÒ§µèÍà¹×èͧ¨Ò¡¡ÒÃà»èÒ᤹)
·Õèà¡Ô´¢Öé¹µÒÁ¢éÍ 1 àÃÒàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ â´Ã¹àºÊ (´Ù·Õè¤Ó musette 2.)
druckend (Gr. ´Ãؤह´ì)
˹ѡ à¹é¹
drum (´ÃÑÁ) ¡Åͧ
à»ç¹à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·µÕ¡Ãзºª¹Ô´Ë¹Öè§
1. ÊÐá¹Ãì´ÃÑÁ ËÃ×Í¡ÅͧàÅç¡ »ÃСͺ´éÇÂá¼§ÅÇ´¢Ö§ÃÑ´¼èÒ¹¼ÔÇ˹éÒ¡Åͧ´éÒ¹ÅèÒ§
à¾×èÍãËéà¡Ô´àÊÕ§¡Ãͺ æ ´Ñ§áµê¡ æ µÑÇ¡Åͧ·Ó´éÇÂäÁéËÃ×ÍâÅËÐ áÅÐÊÒÁÒöÃÑ´ãËé˹ѧµÖ§´éÇ¢ͺäÁé´éÒ¹º¹áÅÐÅèÒ§
ÊÒÁÒö»Å´ÊÒÂÊÐá¹Ãìà¾×èÍãËéà¡Ô´àÊÕ§·ØéÁ´Ñ§µØéÁµØéÁä´é áÅеաÅͧàÅç¡´éÇÂäÁé
¹ÔÂÁãªé¡Åͧª¹Ô´¹Õé·Ñé§ã¹Ç§´ØÃÔÂÒ§¤ìáÅÐǧ´¹µÃÕ
2. à·à¹ÍÃì´ÃÑÁ ÁÕ¢¹Ò´âËè¡ÇèÒÊÐá¹Ãì´ÃÑÁ à»ç¹¡Åͧª¹Ô´·ÕèÊÃéÒ§¢Öé¹â´ÂäÁèâªÊÒÂÊÐá¹Ãìâ´Â·ÑèÇ仺ÃÃà
ŧã¹ËÁÇ´¡Åͧ äÁé·ÕèãªéµÕ¡çà»ç¹ª¹Ô´ËÑÇãÁéËØéÁÊÑ¡ËÅÒ´ (´Ù·Õè¤Ó roll.)
3. nÅͧãËèà»ç¹¡Åͧ·ÕèÁÕ¢¹Ò´âËè·ÕèÊØ´ »ÃСͺ´éǵÑÇ¡Åͧ·Õè·Ó´éÇÂäÁéáÅÐÁÕ˹ѧ¡Åͧ·Ñé§Êͧ´éÒ¹
àÊÕ§·Õèà¡Ô´¨Ò¡¡ÒõաÅͧãËè¨ÐäÁèµÃ§¡ÑºÃдѺàÊÕ§·Õè¡Ó˹´äÇé·Ò§µÑÇâ¹êµ
µÕ´éÇÂäÁé·ÕèÁÕÊÑ¡ËÅÒ´ËØéÁ ª¹Ô´·ÕèÁÕËÑÇ·Õè»ÅÒ·Ñé§Êͧ¢éÒ§ ãªéà¾×èÍ·ÓàÊÕ§ÃÑÇ
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó roll.)
4. nÅͧ·ÔÁ»Ò¹Õ (ËÃ×Í¡Åͧà¤ç·à·ÔéÅ´ÃÑÁ) à»ç¹¡Åͧ·ÕèÁÕÅѡɳÐà»ç¹ËÁéÍ¡ÃзЫ×è§ÁÕ˹éÒ
˹ѧ¡ÅÍ§ËØéÁ·ÑºÍÂÙè´éÒ¹º¹ à»ç¹¡Åͧª¹Ô´à´ÕÂÇ·Õè¢Öé¹àÊÕ§áÅéÇã´éÃдѺàÊÕ§·Õèá¹è¹Í¹
àÁÕèͤÅÒÂËÃ×͢ѹ˹éÒ¡Åͧâ´ÂãÁèÇèÒ¨ÐãªéÇԸբѹʡÃÙËÃ×ÍàËÂÕºྴ´ÑÅ
(·ÕèàËÂÕº) ¡ç1´Ñ äÁé·ÕèãªéµÕ¡çÁÕ¡ÒÃËØéÁ¹ÇÁµÃ§ËÑÇäÁéµÕ µÕä´é·Ñé§à»ç¹¨Ñ§ËÇÐáÅÐÃÑÇ
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó roll.)
due corde (It.) Two
strings. In piano music this occasionally indicates the release
of the soft pedal (same as Tre Corde).
duet (´ÙàÍç´) º·»Ãоѹ¸ìÊÓËÃѺ¼ÙéàÅè¹Êͧ¤¹
duettino (It.) A
little duet.
dulcimer (´ÑÅ«ÔàÁÍÃì)
¢ÔÁ½ÃÑè§ à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·à¤×èͧÊÒÂã¹Âؤµé¹·ÕèµÕ´éÇÂäÁéµÕ¢ÔÁàÅç¡æ
ÊͧÍѹ
duo (´ÙâÍ) ¤Ùè˹Öè§
ËÁÒ¶֧ duet
duple time Time in
which the number of beats in the bar is divisible by two or four
(e.g. 2/4, 4/4, 2/2).
duple time (´Ùà¾ÔéÅä·Áì)
à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ¡Ó˹´¨Ñ§ËÇлÃÐàÀ·¹ÑºÊͧ¨Ñ§ËÇÐã¹Ë¹×è§Ëéͧ
duplet A pair of
notes occupying time usually taken by three (e.g. 6/8 or 3/8).
dynamics The degrees
of softness or loudness in music indicated by signs or words on
the score.
dynamic mark (ä´¹ÒÁÔ¡ ÁÒÃì¤)
ÊÑÅѡɳìáÅФӷÕèºè§ªÕé¶Ö§¤ÇÒÁ´Ñ§áÅФÇÒÁàºÒ¢Í§´¹µÃÕ àªè¹
à¤Ãહⴠà´à¤Ãહⴠp. f. ÏÅÏ
|

|