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MuZic
Dictionary |
˹ѧÊ×ͤÓÈѾ·ì´¹µÃÕ·Ò§ÍÔ¹àµÍÃì๷
¤é¹ËÒ-ÈÖ¡ÉÒ¤ÓÈѾ·ì·Ò§´éÒ¹´¹µÃÕä´é·Õè¹Õè
[A]
[B] [C]
[D] [E]
[F] [G]
[H] [I]
[J-K-L] [M]
[N] [O]
[P] [Q]
[R] [S]
[T] [U-V]
[W-X-Y-Z]
tablature The notation
in diagrams of guitar chords in pop music. Previously, it represented
a method of notation involving symbols denoting the positions of
the performer's fingers (e.g. for the lute.
tacet (La. ·Òà«ç·) à§Õº
tafelmusik (Ger., 'table
music') Music suitable for social gatherings (e.g. for performance
after or during a dinner).
takt (Gr. ·Ñ¤·ì) ¨Ñ§ËÇÐ
takthalten (Gr. ·Ñ¤·ì¤ÑÅà·ç¹)
ÍѵÃÒ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇà¤Ã觤ÃÑ´
talcon (Fr.) The
end of the bow (held by the player).
tambourine (á·ÁâºÃÕ¹) à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·´Õ¡Ãзº
»ÃСͺ´éÇ¢ͺäÁéÃٻǧ¡ÅÁ 2 ¢Íº â´ÂÁÕá¼è¹âÅËФÙè·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ¡ÃдÔè§ÊÍ´ÍÂÙèÃÐËÇèÒ§¡ÅÒ§
áÅлԴ·Ñº¢ÍºäÁé´éҹ˹×è§´éÇÂ˹éÒ¡Åͧ ÊÒÁÒöµÕ·Õè˹éÒ¡ÅͧáµèÅФÃÑé§´éÇ¢é͹ÔéÇÁ×Í
áÅзÓàÊÕ§ÃÑÇä´éâ´Â¡ÒÃÊÑè¹·ÕèµÑÇá·ÁâºÃÔ¹ ËÃ×Íãªé¹ÔéÇËÑÇáÁèÁ×ͶÙä»ÃͺÃÔÁ¢ÍºË¹éÒ¡Åͧ
¡ç¨Ð·ÓãËé¡ÃдÔè§àÅç¡æ àËÅèÒ¹Õéà¤Å×è͹äËÇ
tam-tam (á·Á á·Á) ËÁÒ¶֧
¦éͧ »ÃСͺ´éÇÂá¼è¹âÅËÐÁÕÃÙ»ÃèÒ§¤ÅéÒªÒÁ áÅÐãËéµÕ´éÇÂäÁéËÑÇá¢ç§
tango (á·§â¡) ¡ÒÃàµé¹ÃÓ·ÕèÁÕẺÍÂèÒ§ÁÒ¨Ò¡¡ÒÃàµé¹ÃӢͧªÒǹÔâ¡ÃÍÒ¿Ãԡѹ
«Öè§µèÍÁÒä´éÃѺ¤ÇÒÁ ¹ÔÂÁã¹ËÁÙèÍàÁÃԡѹàª×éͪҵÔÊ໹ â´Âãªé¨Ñ§ËÇÐáÅСÒÃà¤Å×è͹äËÇ·ÕèÁÕẺ©ºÑº¡ÒÃàµé¹¢Í§Ê໹
tanto (It. µÒ¹âµ) ÁÒ¡
(non tanto á»ÅÇèÒ äÁèÁÒ¡¹Ñ¡
tanz (Ger.) Dance.
tarantella (It. µÒÃÒ¹àµÅÅÒ),
tarantelle (Fr. µÒÃÒ¹àµÅ) ¡ÒÃàµé¹ÃÓẺÍÔµÒàÅÕ¹㹨ѧËÇÐ
6/8 ÁÕ¡ÒÃà¤Å×è͹äËÇÍÂèÒ§¤§·ÕèÃÇ´àÃçÇ àª×è͡ѹÇèÒ µÒÃÒ¹àµÅÅÒ µÑ駪×è͵ÒÁª×èÍáÁ§ÁØÁÁÕ¾Ôɪ¹Ô´Ë¹×è§
¤×Í µÒÃÒ¹µÙÅÒ «×è§àÁ×è͡Ѵ¼Ù餹à¢éÒä»áÅéÇ ¡ç1ËéÃÑ¡ÉÒ´éÇ¡ÒÃàµé¹ª¹Ô´¹ÕéÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ·Ñ駪×èÍ
µÒÃÒ¹àµÅÅÒ áÅеÒÃÒ¹µÙÅÒ ÍÒ¨ä´éª×è͵ÒÁàÁ×ͧ µÒÃÒ¹âµé «×è§à»ç¹ª×èÍàÁ×ͧ·èÒàÃ×Í·Ò§µÍ¹ãµé»ÃÐà·ÈÍÔµÒÅ
tardo (It.) Slow.
tedesco (It., 'German')
Alla tedesca, in the German fashion, usually implying music
to be played in the style of a German dance.
tema (It.) Theme.
temperament The system
of tuning intervals in order to fit them for practicable performance.
The piano, organ and other fixed instruments are tuned to equal
temperament which means that each semitone is made an equal interval
so that (e.g. G sharp and A flat are the same).
tempo (à·Áâ») ÍѵÃÒ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇ
à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ·ÕèáÊ´§ÍѵÃÒ¤ÇÒÁàÃçǹÑé¹ä´éá¡è
1. »ÃÐàÀ·ªéÒ : largo, grave, lento, adagio
2. »ÃÐàÀ·àÃçǻҹ¡ÅÒ§ : Øandante, modorato
3. »ÃÐàÀ·àÃçÇ : allegro, vivace, presto
tempo comodo (à·Áâ» ¡ÍÁâÁâ´)
¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇʺÒÂæ
tempo giusto (à·Áâ» ¨ØÊâµ)
¤ÇÒÁàÃçǤ§·ÕèµÅÍ´
tempo ordinario (à·Áâ» ÍÍÃì´Ô¹ÒÃÔâÍ)
¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇʺÒÂæ ¤ÇÒÁàÃçǸÃÃÁ´Ò
tempo primo (It. à·Áâ» »ÃÕâÁ)
¡ÅѺ价ÕèÍѵÃÒ¤ÇÒÁàÃçÇááàÃÔèÁ
temps (Fr.) Beat.
ten. Abbreviation
of (1) tenor and (2) tenuto.
tenendo (It.) Sustaining.
teneramente (It.) Tenderly.
tenerezza (It. à·à¹àÃÊ«Ò)
¤ÇÒÁ¹ØèÁ¹ÇÅ
tenir (Fr. à´Í¹ÕÃì) ˹èǧãÇé
ÂÖ´ãÇé
tenor (à·à¹ÍÃì) àÊÕ§ÃдѺÊÙ§ÊØ´¢Í§¹Ñ¡ÃéͧªÒÂ
tenor clef (à·à¹ÍÃìà¤Å¿)
ËÁÒ¶֧ «Õà¤Å¿º¹àÊé¹·ÕèÊÕè¢Í§ºÃ÷ѴËéÒàÊé¹ â¹éµ´¹µÃբͧáµÃ·ÃÍÁ⺹
áÅЫÍàªÅâŨкѹ·Ö¡Å§ã¹à¤Å¿ª¹Ô´¹Õé à¾×èÍËÅÕ¡àÅÕè§¡ÒÃãªéàÊé¹¹éͨӹǹÁÒ¡
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó clef 2.)
tenor drum (à·à¹ÍÃì´ÃÑÁ)
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó drum 2.)
tenuto (It. ൹Ùâµ) Â×´ÍÍ¡ä»
·ÓàÊÕ§ãËéÂÒÇÂ×´Í͡仨¹àµÁ¤èÒµÑÇâ¹éµ¹Ñ¹ ¤ÓÂèͤ×Í ten.
ternary (à·Í¹ÒÃÕ) ÊÒÁÊèǹ
¤ÕµÅѡɳìẺà·Í¹ÒÃÕè¹Õé Êèǹ·Õè˹×è§áÅÐÊèǹ·ÕèÊÒÁ»¡µÔáÅéǨÐàËÁ×͹¡Ñ¹
ÊÓËÃѺÊèǹ¡ÅÒ§¨ÐÁշӹͧ·ÕèᵡµèÒ§ÍÍ¡ä» áÅÐÁÑ¡¨ÐÍÂÙè㹤ÕÂìµèÒ§¡Ñ¹´éÇÂ
ternary form A composition
in three sections in the form A B A with the first section (A) being
repeated (not necessarily exactly). B represents a different middle
section.
tessitura (It., 'texture')
The natural compass of a singer's voice, or simply the compass
of a vocal or instrumental part in a composition.
tetrachord (à··ÃÒ¤ÍÃì´)
àÊÕ§·Ñé§ÊÕèµÒÁµÓá˹è§ã¹ºÑ¹ä´àÊÕ§·Õè»ÃСͺ¢Öé¹à»ç¹¤ÙèÊÕèà¾Íà¿¡µì
ºÑ¹ä´àÊÕ§àÁà¨ÍÃì »ÃСͺ´éÇÂà··Ò¤ÍÃì´¤ÅéÒ¡ѹÊͧªØ´ (ËèÒ§¡Ñ¹àµçÁàÊÕ§Êͧ¤ÙèáÅФÃ×è§àÊÕ§˹×觤Ùè)
texture ÀÒ¾ÃÇÁ ¼Å¢Í§¡ÒÃàª×èÍÁ⧡ѹ¢Í§Í§¤ì»ÃСͺ·Ò§´¹µÃÕµèÒ§
æ àªè¹ àÊÕ§»ÃÐÊÒ¹, ·Ó¹Í§, ¡ÒÃàÃÕºàÃÕ§àÊÕ§ÊÓËÃѺǧ´¹µÃÕ
theme (·ÕÁ) ¤ÇÒÁ¤Ô´·Ò§´¹µÃÕ·ÕèÊÁºÙóì
ÁÑ¡¨Ðãªéà»ç¹à¹×éÍËÒËÅѡ㹡ÒÃ·Ó áÇÃÔàͪÑè¹
thorough bass Same
as continuo.
third (à·Ôé´) ¢Ñ鹤Ùè·Õèä´é¨Ò¡ÃÐÂÐËèÒ§àÊÕ§Ẻä´ÍÒâ·¹Ô¡
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó interval.)
thirty-second note (à·ÍµÕé
à«ç¤¡Ñ¹ â¹Ñµ) ¤×Í â¹éµà¢ºçµÊÒÁªÑé¹ â¹éµª¹Ô´¹ÕéÊÒÁÊÔºÊͧµÑÇÁÕ¤èÒà·èҡѺâ¹éµ
µÑÇ¡ÅÁ˹×è§µÑÇ áÅÐâ¹éµÊÕèµÑÇÁÕ¤èÒà·èҡѺâ¹éµà¢ºçµË¹×觪Ñé¹Ë¹×è§µÑÇ
thirty-second rest (à·ÍµÕéà«ç¤¡Ñ¹
àÃÊ·ì) ¡ÒÃà§ÕºàÊÕ§·ÕèÁÕ¤èÒà·èҡѺâ¹éµµÑÇࢺçµÊÒÁªÑé¹Ë¹×è§µÑÇ
tie (ä·) à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒÂâ§àÊÕ§ÃÐËÇèÒ§â¹éµã¡Åéà¤Õ§ÊͧµÑÇ
«×è§ÁÕÃдѺàÊÕ§à´ÕÂǡѹ â¹éµµÑÇ·ÕèÊͧ äÁèÍÍ¡àÊÕ§ÍÕ¡µèÒ§ËÒ¡ áµè¨Ð»¯ÔºÑµÔµèͨ¹ËÁ´¤èҢͧµÑÇâ¹éµ
tierce de picardie or picardie
third This is the surprise sounding of a major third as
the final chord in a piece otherwise in the minor key. Common until
the mid-18th century .
time This describes
the basic rhythmical patterns in music (e.g. 6/8 time or 4/4 time).
Also march time, waltz time, etc.
timesignature (ä·Áì «Ô¡à¹à¨ÍÃì)
à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ¡Ó˹´¨Ñ§ËÇÐ «×è§áÊ´§¶Ö§¨Ó¹Ç¹¨Ñ§ËÇÐã¹áµèÅÐËéͧ áÅЪ¹Ô´¢Í§â¹éµ·Õè¹ÓÁҹѺ໹˹×觨ѧËÇÐ
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§àªè¹ 3/4 ÊÒÁ¨Ñ§ËÇÐã¹Ë¹×è§Ëéͧ áÅйÓâ¹éµµÑÇ´ÓÁҹѺ à»ç¹Ë¹×觨ѧËÇÐ
timpani (It. ·ÔÁ»Ò¹Õ)
¡Åͧ·ÔÁ»Ò¹Õ ÁÕª×èÍÍÕ¡ª×Í˹֧ÇèÒ Kettle Drum (´Ù·Õè¤Ó drum 4.)
toccata (It. µéÍ¡¤ÒµÒ)
º·à¾Å§ÊÓËÃѺà¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ¤ÕÂìºÍÃì´ Áշӹͧ·ÕèÃÇ´àÃçÇ ¡ÅéÒàÊÕè§
ÍÔÊÃÐ áÅÐã¹áºº©ºÑº¢Í§ à¤Òà·ÍоÍ·ì
ton (Fr.) In various
contexts this term may mean either note, tone or key.
ton (Ger.) Note or
sound (not the interval of a tone, i.e. two semitones).
tonada (Sp.) Tune,
air.
Tonadilla Spanish
stage entertainment involving a few singers.
tonal answer In a
fugue, for example, after the first entry has been stated there
is an answer (or second statement at a different pitch). If this
answer is slightly modified to keep the music within a certain key,
then this is a tonal answer and the fugue a tonal fugue. This is
the opposite of real answer.
tonality Observance
of a single key. Atonality, lack of key. Polytonality, the simultaneous
use of several keys.
tone (â·¹) (´Ù·Õè¤Ó
step.)
Tone-row or twelve-tone
Refers to serial or twelve-note music (eg. music by Schonberg).
tone cluster A 20th
century concept of playing an adjacent group of notes on a piano
simultaneously by applying the forearm, fist or piece of wood to
the keyboard.
tone-colour, timbre (Fr.),
lclangfarbe (Ger.) This is the characteristic quality of
an instrument's or voice's tone. In basic terms it is the quality
which distinguishes a note performed on one instrument compaOrange
with the same note sounded on an other instrument or sung by a voice
The tone colour of an instrument corresponds with the harmonics
of that instrument.
tone poem Same as
symphonic poem.
tone row An ordeOrange
melodic theme in serial or 12-tone music.
tonic (â·¹Ô¡) â¹éµµÑÇáá¢Í§ºÑ¹ä´àÊÕ§
àÃÕ¡ª×èÍÇèÒ ¤ÍÃì´â·¹Ô¡ ¡ç¤×Í·ÃÑÂáÍ´·ÕèÊÃéÒ§º¹â¹éµµÑǹÕé
tosto (It.) Quick,
rapid.
toujours (Fr. µÙªÙÃì)
àÊÁÍ
tranquillo (It. ·ÃÒ¹¤ÔÇâÅ)
ʧºà§Õº ÍÂÙèã¹ÀÇѧ¤ìáË觤ÇÒÁʧº
transcription (·ÃҹʤÃÔ»ªÑè¹)
¡ÒÃàÃÕºàÃÕ§º·»Ãоѹ¸ìà¾Å§ÊÓËÃѺàÊÕ§Ãéͧ ËÃ×Íà¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ
Í×¹æ ·ÕèäÁèãªéàÊÕ§ÃéͧËÃ×Íà¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃբͧº·»Ãоѹ¸ì´Ñé§à´ÔÁº·¹Ñé¹
transition (·ÃÒ¹«ÔªÑè¹)
1. ÊÓËÃѺ¤ÕµÅѡɳì·Ò§´¹µÃÕáÅéÇ ËÁÒ¶֧ ªèǧ¢Í§´¹µÃÕ·Õèà»ÅÕ蹨ҡÊèǹËÅÑ¡ä»ÊÙèÊèǹÍ×è¹æ
㹺·à¾Å§ (µÑÇÍÂèÒ§àªè¹ ¨Ò¡Êèǹ àÍꡫ⻫ԪÑè¹ ä»ÊÙè ´ÔàÇÅÅÍ»àÁé¹µì
㹠⫹ҵÒ)
2. ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕ蹤ÕÂìẺÊÑ鹿 ËÃ×ÍẺ¼èÒ¹·Ò§
transposition The
writing down or performing of music in a different key from the
original.
transpose (·ÃÒ¹Êâ¾Ê)
áÊ´§ËÃ×Íà¢Õ¹º·à¾Å§ãËéÍÂÙè¤ÕÂìÍ×è¹æ µèÒ§¨Ò¡·Õèà¢Õ¹äÇéäËéáÅéÇ
transposing instrument (·ÃÒ¹Êâ¾Ê«Ô§
ÍԹʵÃÙàÁé¹µì) à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ··ÕèãËéÃдѺàÊÕ§ ᵡµèÒ§¨Ò¡·Õèà¢Õ¹áÊ´§´éÇÂâ¹éµ
¡ÅèÒǤ×Í â¹éµ·Õè¢Õ¹äÇé1Ëéà¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕàËÅèÒ¹ÕàÅ蹨ÐäÁèà¢Õ¹µÃ§µÒÁàÊÕ§·Õèà¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ¹Ñé¹·Óä´é¨ÃÔ§
µÑÇÍÂèÒ§àªè¹ »Õè¤ÅÒÃÔà¹çµ·ÕèÊÃéÒ§ÍÂÙè㹺Õá¿Åçµ ¶éÒËÒ¡¼ÙéàÅè¹ãªé¡ÒûԴà»Ô´¹ÔéÇ
ÊÓËÃѺâ¹éµµÑÇ D ¨Ò¡à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ¡ç¨Ðä´éàÊÕ§¨ÃÔ§¤ÕÍàÊÕ§ C ·ÕèÁÕÃдѺàÊÕ§µèÓ¡ÇèÒ
traps (á·Ã»Êì) ¡ÅͧªØ´
ÁÕ¡Åͧ ©Òº ÏÅÏ ãªã¹Ç§´¹µÃÕÊÓËÃѺ¡ÒÃàµé¹ÃÓ
traurig (Ger. à·ÃÒÃÔ¡)
àÈÃéÒ
treble (à·ÃçºàºÔÅ) á¹Ç¡ÒâѺÃéͧËÃ×Í¡ÒúÃÃàŧ㹺·»Ãоѹ¸ì·ÕèÁÕÃдѺàÊÕ§ÊÙ§ÊØ´
àÃÕ¡ÍÕ¡ª×èÍÇèÒ â«»ÃÒâ¹
treble clef (à·ÃçºàºÔÅ à¤Å¿)
¡Øá¨«ÍÅ ÁÕÊÑÅѡɳì¨Õà¤Å¿º¹àÊé¹·ÕèÊͧ¢Í§ºÃ÷ѴËéÒàÊé¹ à·ÃçºàºÔÅà¤Å¿ã¹ÃÙ»Åѡɳì»Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹¹Õé
¾Ñ²¹ÒÁÒ¨Ò¡ÍÑ¡ÉÃÀÒÉÒÍѧ¡ÄÉ µÑÇ¨Õ (´Ù·Õè¤Ó clef 1.)
tre corde (It. àµÃ¤ÍÃìà´)
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó una corda.)
tremblement (Fr.) Trill.
tremolando (It., 'trembling')
Employing tremolo.
tremolo (It.) (I)
The rapid reiteration of a single note. (2) The rapid alteration
between two or more notes.
tremulant Organ device
of producing a vibrato effect by alternately increasing and decreasing
the wind pressure.
trepak A lively Cossack
dance in 2/4 time.
tres (Fr. áµÃ ÁÒ¡
ÍÂèÒ§ÂÔè§
triad (·ÃÑÂáÍ´) ¤ÍÃì´«×è§»ÃСͺ´éÇÂàÊÕ§ÊÒÁàÊÕ§
ÁÕª×èÍàÃÕ¡µÒÁÅӴѺÇèÒÃÙé· ¤ÙèÊÒÁáÅФÙèËéÒ
triangle (·ÃÑÂáͧà¡ÔÅ)
à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·µÕ¡Ãзº »ÃСͺ´éÇ·è͹àËÅç¡¢¹Ò´àÅç¡´Ñ´â¤é§à»ç¹ÃÙ»ÊÒÁàËÅÕèÂÁ
ÁÕ»ÅÒ¢éҧ˹×è§à»Ô´ ¶×Í´éÇÂàª×Í¡áÅеմéÇ·è͹àËÅç¡àÅç¡æ ·ÃÑÂáͧà¡ÔéÅÁÕàÊÕ§áËÅÁºÒ´ËÙãªé¹Ò¹æ
¤ÃÑé§
trill (·ÃÔÅ) ¡ÒûÃдѺ»Ãдҷҧ·Ó¹Í§´¹µÃÕ·Õè·Ó´éÇ¡ÒÃÊÅѺà»ÅÕè¹·ÕèÍÂèÒ§ÃÇ´àÃçÇ
ÃÐËÇèÒ§ µÑÇâ¹éµËÅÑ¡áÅÐâ¹éµã¡Åéà¤Õ§·ÕèÍÂÙèà˹×Í¡ÇèÒâ¹éµµÑǹÕé ã¹ÂؤÊÁÑ¢ͧºÒ¤áÅÐáιà´Å
·ÃÔÅÁÑ¡¨ÐàÃÔèÁ·Õèâ¹éµ ã¡Åéà¤Õ§ áµèÊÓËÃÑºÂØ¤µèÍÁÒ àªè¹ ÂØ¤âªá»§áÅÐÅÔÊ«·ì
ÊèǹãËèáÅéÇ¡ÒÃàÅè¹·ÃÔŨÐàÃÔèÁ·Õèâ¹éµµÑÇËÅÑ¡ (´Ù·Õè¤Ó ornament.)
trinklied (Ger.) Drinking
song.
trio (·ÃÕâÍ) 1. ´¹µÃÕÊÓËÃѺ¼ÙéàÅè¹ÊÒÁ¤¹
2. µÍ¹¡ÅÒ§¢Í§º·ºÃÃàŧ»ÃÐàÀ·ÁÔ¹¹ÙàÍçµ ÁÒÃìª ËÃ×ÍÊá¡Ãâ«
trio sonata A composition
usually for two violins and a 'cello, with a keyboard playing the
bass line and supporting harmonies. Much favouOrange in the late
17th and early 18th centuries.
triple concerto A
concerto for three solo instruments with orchestra.
triple counterpoint Invertible
counterpoint in which three parts can be interchanged, each making
a suitable bass for the other.
triple stop The playing
of three notes simultaneously on a stringed instrument by the placing
of the left hand fingers on the strings and shortening the vibrating
length.
triplet â¹éµÊÒÁ¾ÂÒ§¤ì
¡ÅØèÁ¢Í§µÑÇâ¹éµÊÒÁµÑÇ·ÕèàÅè¹ã¹ªèǧàÇÅҢͧµÑÇâ¹éµÊͧµÑÇ
triple time (·ÃÔºà»ÔéÅä·Áì)
à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ¡Ó˹´¨Ñ§ËÇлÃÐàÀ·¹ÑºÊÒÁ ãËé»¯ÔºÑµÔ ÊÒÁ¨Ñ§ËÇÐã¹áµèÅÐËéͧ
3/8 3/4 3/2 ÏÅÏ
triple tonguing The
rapid articulation of T-K-T on a wind instrument. This is difficult
to do on reed instruments.
triplet (·ÃÔºà¾Åç·) ¤×Í¡ÅØèÁµÑÇâ¹éµÊÒÁµÑÇ·ÕèàÅè¹â´Âãªé¨Ó¹Ç¹àÇÅÒà·èҡѺâ¹éµÊͧµÑÇ
·Õèà»ç¹â¹éµ»ÃÐàÀ·à´ÕÂǡѹ
triste (It. µÃÔÊàµ, Fr. µÃÔʵì
) àÈÃéÒâÈ¡ àÊÕÂã¨
tristo (It. µÃÔÊâµ) àÈÃéÒ
tritone The interval
of three tones (e.g. F to B).
trombone (·ÃÍÁ⺹) áµÃ·ÃÍÁ⺹
à¤ÃÕèͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·à¤Ã×èͧà»èҷͧàËÅ×ͧ ·ÕèÁÕ·èÍáµÃẺ¡Åǧ ÂÒÇà·èҡѹ
Êèǹ»Ò¡à»èÒà»ç¹ÃÙ»¶éÇ ÁÕÅÑ¡ÉàÐÊӤѤ×Í ãªéªÑ¡àÅ×è͹·èÍáµÃãËéÂÒÇËÃ×ÍÊÑé¹´ÑÇÂÁ×Íä´é
·ÓãËéàÅè¹ä´é¤Ãº·Ø¡àÊÕ§µÅÍ´ªèǧàÊÕ§¢Í§áµÃ «Ö§¼Ô´¡ÑºáµÃÍ×è¹æ·Õèà»ÅÕ蹤ÇÒÁÂÒÇ·èÍâ´ÂãªéÅÙ¡ÊÙº
(ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁºÒ§¤ÃÑé§àÃÒÍÒ¨¨Ðãªé·ÃÍÁ⺹ª¹Ô´·ÕèÁÕÅÙ¡ÊÙºä´é áµÃ·ÃÍÁ⺹¾Ñ²¹ÒÁÒ¨Ò¡áµÃ·ÃÑÁà»çµ
¢¹Ò´âËè㹪èǧ»ÅÒÂȵÇÃÃÉ·ÕèÊÔºÊÕè áµÃ·ÃÍÁ⺹·Õèãªé㹻Ѩ¨ØºÑ¹¹Õé
ÁÕ 2 Ẻ ¤×Í à·à¹ÍÃìáÅÐàºÊ áµÃ·ÃÍÁ⺹äÁèãªèáµÃ»ÃÐàÀ·µéͧÂéÒ¤ÕÂì
¶Ö§áÁéÇèÒ¨Ðãªéà·à¹ÍÃìà¤Å¿ à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡ã¹ªèǧàÊÕ§ÊÙ§µéͧ ËÅÕ¡àÅÕè§¡ÒÃãªéàÊé¹¹éÍ¡çµÒÁ
tronco (It., 'truncated')
A note broken off abruptly especially in vocal music.
trop (Fr. â·Ã) ÁÒ¡
ÁÒ¡à¡Ô¹ä»
troppo (It. µÃͺâ») ÁÒ¡à¡Ô¹
Allegro ma non troppo ËÁÒ¶֧àÃçÇ áµèàÃçÇäÁèÁÒ¡¹Ñ¡
trumpet (·ÃÑÁà»çµ) áµÃ·ÃÑÁà»çµ
à»ç¹à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·à¤Ã×èͧà»èҷͧàËÅ×ͧ ·ÕèÁÕ·èÍáµÃ Ẻ¡ÅǧÂÒÇà·èҡѹ
Êèǹ»Ò¡à»èÒà»ç¹ÃÙ»¶éÇ ÁÕÅÙ¡ÊÙºÊÒÁ·èÍ àÊÕ§·ÃÑÁà»çµÁÕÅѡɳÐÊ´ãÊáÅÐàÊÕ´áËÅÁ
ºÕá¿Åçµ·ÃÑÁà»çµà»ç¹à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ·ÕèµéͧÂéÒ¤ÕÂì(´Ù·Õè¤Ó transposing
instrument, bore.)
tuning ¡ÒõÑé§àÊÕ§,
à·ÕºàÊÕ§à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ
tuba (·ÙºÒ) áµÃ·ÙºÒà»ç¹à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·à¤Ã×èͧà»èҷͧàËÅ×ͧ·ÕèÁÕÃдѺàÊÕ§µèÓ·ÕèÊØ´(à¤ÂÁÕ¼éàÃÕ¡ÇèÒàºÊÍØéÁ)
1.·èÍáµÃ¢Í§·ÙºÒÁÕÅѡɳкҹÍÍ¡ Êèǹ»Ò¡à»èÒà»ç¹ÃÙ»¶éÇ ÁÕÅÙ¡ÊÙºÊÒÁ¶Ö§ÊÕè·èÍ
áÅÐà»ç¹à¤Ã×èͧ ´¹µÃÕ·ÕèÊ׺·Í´ÁÒ¨Ò¡à¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ»ÃÐàÀ·à»èÒàÊÕ§àºÊẺâºÃÒ³ª¹Ô´Ë¹Öè§·Õèª×èÍ
àªÍÃìྐྵ·ì (serpent) ·ÙºÒÊÃéÒ§ã¹áººÍÕá¿ÅçµáÅдѺàºÔéźÕá¿Åçµ
2.áµÃ«Ù«Ò⿹ (à¤ÂÁÕ¼ÙéàÃÕ¡ÇèÒàºÊÊоÒÂ) ¤×Í·ÙºÒ·Õèä´éÃѺ¡ÒþѲ¹Ò¢Öé¹ÁÒ
(µÑ駪×èÍà»ç¹à¡ÕÂõÔÂÈá¡è ¨ÍËì¹ ¿ÔÅÔ»Êì «Ù«Ò ¹Ñ¡»Ãоѹ¸ìà¾Å§ªÒÇÍàÁÃԡѹ)
â´ÂÊÇÁ¾Ò´ºèÒ¢éÒ§«éÒÂä´é ã¹¢³Ð·ÕèàÅè¹ ÅÓâ¾§áµÃ «×è§ÁÕ¢¹Ò´ãËèÊÒÁÒö¶Í´à¡çºäÇé㹡Åèͧà¾×èÍ¡ÒùӾÒä»ä˹ÁÒä˹ä´é
tubuIar bells (·ÙºÔÇÅÒÃì
àºÅÅì) (´Ù·Õè¤Ó chimes.)
tune (·Ù¹) à¾Å§ ·Ó¹Í§à¾Å§
turca, alla (It.) In
the Turkish style.
turn (à·ÔÃì¹) à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒÂà·ÔÃì¹
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó ornaments.)
tutte le corde (It.)
Indication to pianist to release the left-hand pedal.
tutti (It. µÙµµÔ) ·Ñé§ËÁ´
1. Êèǹ㹺·»Ãоѹ¸ìà¾Å§·Õèà¤Ã×èͧ´¹µÃÕ·Ø¡ªÔé¹ËÃ×͹ѡÃéͧ·Ø¡¤¹µéͧáÊ´§
2.Êèǹ㹺·ºÃÃàŧà¾Å§»ÃÐàÀ·¤Í¹áªÃìâµé·Õè·Ø¡¤¹ã¹Ç§´¹µÃÕµéͧºÃÃàŧ
¡àÇé¹¼ÙéºÃÃàŧà´ÕèÂÇ
twelve note See serial
music.
twelve tone American
term for serial music
tyrolienne (Fr. µÔTÃàÅÕ¹) à¾Å§ËÃ×Í¡ÒÃàµé¹ÃÓ¾×é¹àÁ×ͧ¢Í§àÁ×ͧµÕâÃÅ
«×è§áµè§ÍÂÙèã¹à¤Ã×èͧËÁÒ ¡Ó˹´¨Ñ§ËÇÐ 3/4 ÁըѧËÇФÅéÒÂà¾Å§áŹ´ìàÅÍÃì
(Landler) ¤×Í¡ÒÃàµé¹ÃÓẺÍÍÊàµÃÕ ÁÕ¡ÒâѺÃéͧ»ÃÐÊÁ ÃéͧâËèẺâÂà´Å
(´Ù·Õè¤Ó falsetto, yodel.)
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